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TRANSFORMATION OF AGRICULTURE ON THE LOESS PLATEAU OF CHINA TOWARD GREEN DEVELOPMENT
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期 页码 491-500 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021428
Loess Plateau of China is a typical dryland agricultural area. Agriculture there has transformed from food shortage toward green development over the past seven decades, and has achieved world-renowned achievements. During 1950–1980, the population increased from 42 to 77 million, increasing grain production to meet food demand of rapid population growth was the greatest challenge. Engineering measures such as terracing and check-dam were the crucial strategies to increase crop production. From 1981 to 2000, most of agronomic measures played a key role in increasing crops yield, and a series of policy support has benefited millions of smallholders. As expected, these measures and policies greatly increased crop production and basically achieved food security; but, low per capita GDP (only about 620 USD in 2000) was still a big challenge. During 2001–2015, the increase in agricultural and non-agricultural income together supported the increase in farmer income to 5781 USD·yr–1. Intensive agriculture that relies heavily on chemicals increased crop productivity by 56%. Steadfast policy support such as “Grain for Green Program” had an overwhelming advantage in protecting the natural ecological environment. In the new era, the integration of science and technology innovations, policy support and positive societal factors will be the golden key to further improve food production, protect environment, and increase smallholder income.
关键词: agronomic technologies economic returns education environmental cost food production government policy
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《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第4期 页码 357-365 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019275
Phosphorus (P) is essential for life and for efficient crop production, but global P use with limited recycling is inefficient in several sectors, including agronomy. Unfortunately, plant physiologists, agronomists, farmers and end users employ different measures for P use efficiency (PUE), which often masks their values at different scales. The term P use effectiveness, which also considers energetic and sustainability measures in addition to P balances, is also a valuable concept. Major physiological and genetic factors for plant P uptake and utilization have been identified, but there has been limited success in genetically improving PUE of modern crop cultivars. In maize, studies on root architectural and morphological traits appear promising. Rhizosphere processes assist in mobilizing and capturing sparingly soluble phosphate from rock phosphate. Combinations of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms with ammonium-based nitrogen fertilizer, as well as strategies of fertilizer placement near the roots of target crops, can moderately enhance PUE. The desired concentration of P in the products differs, depending on the final use of the crop products as feed, food or for energy conversion, which should be considered during crop production.
关键词: acquisition efficiency plant growth promoting rhizobacteria phosphate use efficiency utilization efficiency
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第2期 页码 245-271 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021439
Agricultural intensification and the subsequent decline of mixed farming systems has led to an increase in continuous cropping with only a few fallow or break years, undermining global soil health. Arable-ley rotations incorporating temporary pastures (leys) lasting 1–4 years may alleviate soil degradation by building soil fertility and improving soil structure. However, the majority of previous research on arable-ley rotations has utilized either grass or grass-clover leys within ungrazed systems. Multispecies leys, containing a mix of grasses, legumes, and herbs, are rapidly gaining popularity due to their promotion in agri-environment schemes and potential to deliver greater ecosystem services than conventional grass or grass-clover leys. Livestock grazing in arable-ley rotations may increase the economic resilience of these systems, despite limited research of the effects of multispecies leys on ruminant health and greenhouse gas emissions. This review aims to evaluate previous research on multispecies leys, highlighting areas for future research and the potential benefits and disbenefits on soil quality and livestock productivity. The botanical composition of multispecies leys is crucial, as legumes, deep rooted perennial plants (e.g., Onobrychis viciifolia and Cichorium intybus) and herbs (e.g., Plantago lanceolata) can increase soil carbon, improve soil structure, reduce nitrogen fertilizer requirements, and promote the recovery of soil fauna (e.g., earthworms) in degraded arable soils while delivering additional environmental benefits (e.g., biological nitrification inhibition and enteric methane reduction). Multispecies leys have the potential to deliver biologically driven regenerative agriculture, but more long-term research is needed to underpin evidence-based policy and farmer guidance.
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 页码 171-176 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0247-8
关键词: disruptive technologies supply chain resilience efficiency paradox balance
Highlight yield forming and innovative technologies in tropical crops
Wenquan WANG
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第4期 页码 283-284 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016128
Creative design inspired by biological knowledge: Technologies and methods
Runhua TAN, Wei LIU, Guozhong CAO, Yuan SHI
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第14卷 第1期 页码 1-14 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0511-0
关键词: creative design biologically inspired methods key technologies
Bio-based Technologies for Resource Recovery
Aijie Wang, David Stuckey
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1079-y
Biomedical sensor technologies on the platform of mobile phones
Lin LIU, Jing LIU
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第6卷 第2期 页码 160-175 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0216-0
Biomedical sensors have been widely used in various areas of biomedical practices, which play an important role in disease detection, diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, health management, and so on. However, most of them and their related platforms are generally not easily accessible or just too expensive or complicated to be kept at home. As an alternative, new technologies enabled from the mobile phones are gradually changing such situations. As can be freely available to almost everyone, mobile phone offers a unique way to improve the conventional medical care through combining with various biomedical sensors. Moreover, the established systems will be both convenient and low cost. In this paper, we present an overview on the state-of-art biomedical sensors, giving a brief introduction of the fundamental principles and showing several new examples or concepts in the area. The focus was particularly put on interpreting the technical strategies to innovate the biomedical sensor technologies based on the platform of mobile phones. Some challenging issues, including feasibility, usability, security, and effectiveness, were discussed. With the help of electrical and mechanical technologies, it is expected that a full combination between the biomedical sensors and mobile phones will bring a bright future for the coming pervasive medical care.
关键词: biomedical sensor pervasive technology mobile phone combined system health management
Mitigation and remediation technologies for organic contaminated soils
Lizhong ZHU, Li LU, Dong ZHANG
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第4期 页码 373-386 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0253-7
关键词: organic contaminated soil mitigation remediation bioavailability
How do digital technologies improve supply chain resilience in the COVID-19 pandemic?
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 页码 39-50 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0230-4
关键词: digital technologies supply chain resilience information processing theory COVID-19 China
Development of clean energy and environmental technologies to address humanity’s top problems
Geoff G. X. Wang
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第1期 页码 1-2 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1145-5
Special issue: Technologies for future high-efficiency industrial silicon wafer solar cells
《能源前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第1期 页码 1-3 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0436-4
Risk warning technologies and emergency response mechanisms in Sichuan–Tibet Railway construction
Liujiang KANG, Hao LI, Cong LI, Na XIAO, Huijun SUN, Nsabimana BUHIGIRO
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 页码 582-594 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0151-7
关键词: railway construction risk warning technologies emergency response mechanisms Sichuan–Tibet Railway
Engineering Fronts in fields of Energy and Electrical Science and Technologies in the report of
《能源前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第1期 页码 5-8 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0868-6
The Major Root Causes of Smog in China and Technologies and Solutions to Reduce It
Ke Liu
《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第4期 页码 343-348 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016053
关键词: smog emissions coal refining coal utilization solutions
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
efficiency and effectiveness of global phosphorus use: focus on root and rhizosphere levels in the agronomic
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期刊论文
AGRONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF REINTRODUCING HERB- AND LEGUME-RICH MULTISPECIES LEYS INTO ARABLE
期刊论文
Balancing resilience and efficiency in supply chains: Roles of disruptive technologies under Industry
期刊论文
Creative design inspired by biological knowledge: Technologies and methods
Runhua TAN, Wei LIU, Guozhong CAO, Yuan SHI
期刊论文
Mitigation and remediation technologies for organic contaminated soils
Lizhong ZHU, Li LU, Dong ZHANG
期刊论文
Development of clean energy and environmental technologies to address humanity’s top problems
Geoff G. X. Wang
期刊论文
Risk warning technologies and emergency response mechanisms in Sichuan–Tibet Railway construction
Liujiang KANG, Hao LI, Cong LI, Na XIAO, Huijun SUN, Nsabimana BUHIGIRO
期刊论文
Engineering Fronts in fields of Energy and Electrical Science and Technologies in the report of
期刊论文